Terminology Guide

Acronym/TermFull FormMeaning/UseExample
HLZHelicopter Landing ZoneDesignated landing area for helicopters (primary/alternate).Consolidate at HLZ Bravo.
LZLanding ZoneAny aircraft landing site (rotary or fixed wing).Secure LZ Eagle.
CHALK(not an acronym)Group assigned to a single aircraft, vehicle, or serial, often numbered (Chalk 1, 2, etc.).Chalk 3, prep for insertion.
SLLSStop, Look, Listen, SmellSecurity halt to detect threats using all senses.Conduct SLLS at each halt.
ORPObjective Rally PointCovered site near objective for prep and reorg.Set ORP before movement.
OPObservation PostConcealed position for surveillance/observation.OP set on the ridge.
LP/OPListening/Observation PostEarly warning/recon position.LP/OPs set on perimeter.
RPRelease PointPoint where elements split to execute tasks.Teams split at the RP.
WPWaypointNavigation checkpoint or marker.Regroup at WP2 if separated.
LOALimit of AdvanceFarthest authorized point for movement or assault.Do not cross LOA.
SBFSupport By FirePosition providing suppressive fire for maneuver units.SBF begins on green flare.
ISOIn Support OfElement supports another unit/mission.SBF ISO Alpha's breach.
NAINamed Area of InterestArea focused on for recon or ISR.ISR focused on NAI 3.
OBJObjectiveThe target or mission end-state.Seize OBJ Falcon.
PIRPriority Intelligence RequirementCommander's critical info need for decision-making.PIR: Enemy QRF location.
QRFQuick Reaction ForceStandby rapid response/reinforcement team.QRF staged at AA.
AAAssembly AreaSecure location for prep/reorg before mission.Rally at AA for brief.
SPStart PointWhere movement or patrol begins.Step off from SP at 0200Z.
MSRMain Supply RouteMain logistics/convoy route.Set OP on MSR Blue.
AOIArea of InterestBroader area of intel or op focus.AOI is sector Bravo.
OFFSET(not an acronym)Move laterally from route/objective for security/approach.Offset right 100m.
IN POSITION / SET(not an acronym)Unit is in assigned location and ready.Bravo set, Alpha move.
RALLY(not an acronym)Regroup at a designated point.Rally at RP Alpha.
FLEX(not an acronym)Redeploy/move to new task or position.Flex upstairs for clearance.
STACK/STICK(not an acronym)Assault formation, usually single file.Form a stick, stack on the door.
CLEARANCE(not an acronym)Permission to act/move.Waiting for 111's clearance.
REFERENCE(not an acronym)Grid, landmark, or feature for location.Reference grid 095132.
SSESensitive Site ExploitationPost-assault search for intel/evidence.Conduct SSE after clearing.
VDOVehicle Drop-OffMap marker/control measure indicating where vehicles will stop and personnel dismount to continue on foot.Rally at VDO 1 and move dismounted to the ORP.
TRPTarget Reference PointPre-designated, easily identifiable point on the battlefield used for orientation, fire control, and communication.Engage any movement near TRP 2.
One-Alpha (Tactic)Battle Drill 1AAssault method where all personnel form a line (online) and sweep forward through a linear objective (e.g., bunker/trench) to the LOA, engaging threats as a single element.On command, execute One-Alpha through the bunker to the LOA.
SHIFT FIRE(not an acronym)Command to redirect suppressive fire.Shift fire left 50 meters.
CHECK FIRE(not an acronym)Urgent halt to all firing (prevent fratricide).Check fire! Friendlies danger close!
LIFT FIRE(not an acronym)Command to stop or raise fire from a specific area or target.Lift fire!
NETCALL(not an acronym)Broadcast to all units on a net/frequency.Netcall, SITREP in 5 mikes.
BEAD WINDOW(not an acronym)Warning to stop transmitting sensitive info (net not secure).Bead Window, change topic.
BREAK(not an acronym)Separates distinct messages on radio.Contact, BREAK, moving back.
WILCOWill ComplyI will comply with your last instruction.Wilco, out.
ROGER(not an acronym)Message received/understood.Roger, acknowledged.
COPY(not an acronym)Message received (informal ack).Copy, en route.
STANDBY(not an acronym)Wait for more instructions/info.Standby for SITREP.
CONTACT(not an acronym)Enemy sighted/engaged.Contact front!
NO JOY(not an acronym)No visual or negative on result.No joy, searching.
VISUAL(not an acronym)Friendly or enemy in sight.Visual on OBJ Falcon.
TALLY(not an acronym)Enemy in sight (air/ground).Tally two hostiles.
WINCHESTER(not an acronym)Out of ammo/ordnance.Winchester, need resupply.
DANGER CLOSE(not an acronym)Friendly forces near fire/ordnance.Danger close, check fire!
CALLSIGN(not an acronym)Radio identifier for unit/person.Send for Havoc 2.
FREQFrequencyRadio channel/frequency.Switch to freq 305.0.
ZULU(not an acronym)UTC time (military time zone).0300 Zulu.
MIKE(not an acronym)Minutes.Exfil in 5 mikes.
TRAFFIC(not an acronym)Radio message/communication.Send your traffic.
ALL CALLSIGNS/NET CALL(not an acronym)Addressing all units/persons on net.All callsigns/Net Call, standby for SITREP.
ACTUAL(not an acronym)Denotes the unit/person in direct command.This is Havoc Actual.
SEND IT(not an acronym)Ready to receive your message/traffic.Send it, over.
OUT(not an acronym)End of transmission; no reply expected.Roger, out.
OVER(not an acronym)End of message; reply expected.Status update, over.
WAIT OUT(not an acronym)Wait; reply will follow.Wait out, gathering info.
ROLLING OUT(not an acronym)Called when the front operator exits the stack (malfunction, reload, or injury), so the next can take point.Rolling out!
PAXPersonnelNumber of individuals.4 PAX moving to location, grid 123-345.
POSPositionLocation; often "my pos" = "my location."Contact 100m north of my pos.
MAGMagazineAmmunition magazine.Toss me a mag.
CUFFED/ZIP TIES(not an acronym)EPW (enemy prisoner) restraint/control.One enemy cuffed upstairs.
ZAP(not an acronym)Unique individual identifier used for tracking, tasking, and reporting. Assigned per operator (e.g., VA1, VA2).VA3 reports contact east of OBJ Red. / ZMIST: ZAP VA3, GSW to arm, bleeding controlled.
JTACJoint Terminal Attack ControllerDirects air support/CAS for ground units.Requesting JTAC for CAS.
OVERWATCH(not an acronym)Team providing covering fire/observation.Clear that site for overwatch to set in.
SUPPLEMENT(not an acronym)Take on extra/supporting task/role.Supplement as quick JTAC.
ACE ReportAmmo, Casualties, EquipmentReadiness/status check. Color-coded: Green (good), Yellow (moderate), Red (low), Black (out).Bravo, ACE: Black on ammo, 1 WIA.
SITREPSituation ReportBrief update on current situation: position, contact, friendly/enemy status, logistics.SITREP: At OBJ, cleared, negative contact, 1 WIA, holding.
SALUTE ReportSize, Activity, Location, Unit, Time, EquipmentDetailed enemy contact report format.SALUTE: 4 pax, moving east, grid 094123, unknown unit, 1120Z, AKs.
SPOTREPSpot Report (3 D's)Rapid enemy contact format using: Distance, Direction, Description.SPOTREP: 300m, northwest, 4x enemy dismounts with rifles in the open.
FRAGOFragmentary OrderUpdate/change to existing mission order.FRAGO: Shift LOA 100m east.
ZMIST ReportZap number, Mechanism, Injury, Signs/Symptoms, TreatmentCasualty report format used during MEDEVAC to track injury details and treatment.ZMIST: 112, IED blast, shrapnel to leg, conscious, tourniquet applied.
MEDEVAC Request (9-Line)9-Line Medical EvacuationStandard format for requesting a medical evacuation. Covers grid, urgency, patient type, enemy threat, and more. Often followed by a ZMIST.1. 1234 5678 2. 'Viking 1', 30.00 3. 2 urgent 4. None 5. 1 litter, 1 ambulatory 6. Enemy in area, approach with caution 7. Marked by green smoke 8. U.S. Military 9. None
CAS Request (9-Line)Close Air Support 9-LineUsed by JTAC to request and coordinate air-to-ground fires. Includes target location, mark, ordnance, friendlies, and egress.1. IP Bull, heading 270°, 5 NM 2. 1500 feet AGL 3. Tanks in the open 4. Grid 1234 5678 5. Laser code 1688 6. Friendlies west 200m 7. Danger close 8. 2x GBU-38, 30mm 9. Egress south
AARAfter Action ReportPost-operation summary capturing outcomes, key decisions, lessons learned, and recommendations.AAR: OBJ cleared, 2x KIA, 1x EPW, comms delay during breach noted.
Training BriefTraining Operations BriefCovers schedule, safety, objectives, and responsibilities prior to a training event. Required before field evolutions or ranges.Training Brief at 0800 for urban movement lanes and live-fire safety review.
CONOPConcept of OperationsHigh-level plan outlining the purpose, timeline, assets, and concept for a mission or training event. Often used for approval.Submit CONOP for night recce training — insert via helo, OBJ Coldiron.
OPORDOperations OrderDetailed mission/training directive structured in 5 paragraphs: Situation, Mission, Execution, Sustainment, Command & Signal.Issue OPORD for full-mission profile dry run.
Backbrief(not an acronym)Subordinate leaders brief higher on their understanding of the mission/training plan. Confirms clarity and intent.Team backbriefs to confirm insertion timing and route plan.
Rehearsal Brief(not an acronym)Pre-execution walk-through or dry run of the mission/training plan to ensure readiness and coordination.Conduct rehearsal brief on mock OBJ at 0600.
Inject Brief(not an acronym)Delivered by training control during scenarios to add realism or shift tempo. Often scripted in full-mission profiles.Inject Brief: 'You've taken contact — 1 WIA, respond accordingly.'
Pickup ZonePZDesignated location for helicopter or vehicle extraction of personnel. Used in both training and operations to simulate realistic evacuation, casualty collection, or tempo shifts. Often marked or pre-briefed, but can also be dynamically assigned by higher.Your patrol has completed the mission. Proceed to PZ Falcon for extraction. Maintain security until lift arrives.
WARNOWarning OrderPreliminary notification issued before a full OPORD. Gives subordinates time to begin preparation before full details are available. Follows the same 5-paragraph format as an OPORD but is briefer and issued as early as possible.WARNO issued — expect full OPORD in 2 hours. Begin prep now.
METT-TCMission, Enemy, Terrain & Weather, Troops & Support Available, Time Available, Civil ConsiderationsThe six mission variables used to analyze any operational situation during planning. Applied continuously from initial planning through execution.COA is METT-TC dependent — reassess after infil.
PACEPrimary, Alternate, Contingency, EmergencyPlanning methodology for building redundant communication plans. Each tier is independent of the others. Applied to comms, routes, exfil, and any mission-critical system.PACE comms: P — ATAK, A — radio, C — HF, E — runner.
EPWEnemy Prisoner of WarA captured hostile combatant. Processed at point of capture using the 5 S's and T: Search, Silence, Segregate, Safeguard, Speed to rear, and Tag.One EPW secured — begin 5 S's and T then move to collection point.
5 S's and TSearch, Silence, Segregate, Safeguard, Speed to rear, TagDoctrinal field processing procedure for EPWs at point of capture per ATP 3-21.8. Search for weapons/intel, silence to prevent communication, segregate by rank/gender, safeguard from harm, speed to rear for interrogation, tag with capture data.Execute 5 S's and T on all EPWs before moving to the ORP.
TLPTroop Leading ProceduresThe 8-step process leaders use to plan and prepare for an operation: Receive mission, Issue WARNO, Make tentative plan, Initiate movement, Conduct recon, Complete plan, Issue OPORD, Supervise and refine.Begin TLP immediately — we have 3 hours before SP.
OCOKAObservation & Fields of Fire, Cover & Concealment, Obstacles, Key Terrain, Avenues of ApproachThe five military aspects of terrain used to analyze ground during planning and COA development.OCOKA analysis: key terrain is the ridge — it controls the avenue of approach north, recommend SBF position on the eastern spur.
POLPattern of LifeSurveillance-derived baseline of normal activity for a target or area. Anomalies stand out against the established pattern. Critical for HVI targeting and SR missions.POL established — target departs the compound daily at 0730 local.
F3EADFind, Fix, Finish, Exploit, Analyze, DisseminateThe SOF targeting cycle for direct action operations. Exploit and Analyze feed intelligence back into the next Find cycle, making it a continuous loop rather than a linear process.SSE team executes Exploit phase while assault element holds security at the OBJ.
HVIHigh-Value IndividualA person of intelligence or operational interest. Distinct from HVT (High-Value Target) — an HVI is person-specific, an HVT is an asset the enemy requires for mission success.Objective is HVI capture — lethal authority is last resort only.
ROERules of EngagementDirective defining under what circumstances and to what degree force may be used. Flows from national policy down through theater command to the individual shooter. Violation is a criminal matter.Confirm ROE before breach — positive ID required before engagement.
CDECollateral Damage EstimateFormal process estimating potential unintended effects of a planned strike on non-combatants and protected property. Drives weapon selection, attack geometry, and go/no-go decisions.CDE completed — 30mm approved; GBU denied due to proximity of civilian structure.
METLMission Essential Task ListA commander's prioritized list of collective tasks a unit must be trained to perform to accomplish its wartime mission. Drives all training decisions, resource allocation, and evaluations. Derived from wartime plans and external directives — not constrained by available resources.All training this cycle is focused on METL tasks — rehearse until standard is met.
FMPFull Mission ProfileA training event executed from beginning to end of the full mission sequence — including planning, briefing, infiltration, execution, and exfiltration — under conditions as close to real as possible. Contrasts with part-task training where only isolated drills are practiced.FMP scheduled for Saturday — full infil, OBJ clearance, SSE, and exfil to PZ.
Two-Alpha (Tactic)Battle Drill 2AAssault method used to attack a point objective (e.g., a building or fortified position). The assault element maneuvers to the objective under suppression from the SBF element, breaches, and clears to the LOA.SBF set on the treeline, assault element executes Two-Alpha on the structure.
Three-Alpha (Tactic)Battle Drill 3AReact to ambush — near ambush. Soldiers immediately assault through the ambush kill zone at close range to overwhelm the enemy and break contact. Opposite response to a far ambush.Near ambush left — Three-Alpha, assault through!
Four-Alpha (Tactic)Battle Drill 4AReact to ambush — far ambush. Element returns fire and uses fire and movement to break contact away from the kill zone rather than assaulting through.Far ambush right — return fire, Four-Alpha, peel back to cover.
Acronym/Term Full Form Meaning/Use Example
HLZHelicopter Landing ZoneDesignated landing area for helicopters (primary/alternate).Consolidate at HLZ Bravo.
LZLanding ZoneAny aircraft landing site (rotary or fixed wing).Secure LZ Eagle.
CHALK(not an acronym)Group assigned to a single aircraft, vehicle, or serial, often numbered (Chalk 1, 2, etc.).Chalk 3, prep for insertion.
SLLSStop, Look, Listen, SmellSecurity halt to detect threats using all senses.Conduct SLLS at each halt.
ORPObjective Rally PointCovered site near objective for prep and reorg.Set ORP before movement.
OPObservation PostConcealed position for surveillance/observation.OP set on the ridge.
LP/OPListening/Observation PostEarly warning/recon position.LP/OPs set on perimeter.
RPRelease PointPoint where elements split to execute tasks.Teams split at the RP.
WPWaypointNavigation checkpoint or marker.Regroup at WP2 if separated.
LOALimit of AdvanceFarthest authorized point for movement or assault.Do not cross LOA.
SBFSupport By FirePosition providing suppressive fire for maneuver units.SBF begins on green flare.
ISOIn Support OfElement supports another unit/mission.SBF ISO Alpha's breach.
NAINamed Area of InterestArea focused on for recon or ISR.ISR focused on NAI 3.
OBJObjectiveThe target or mission end-state.Seize OBJ Falcon.
PIRPriority Intelligence RequirementCommander’s critical info need for decision-making.PIR: Enemy QRF location.
QRFQuick Reaction ForceStandby rapid response/reinforcement team.QRF staged at AA.
AAAssembly AreaSecure location for prep/reorg before mission.Rally at AA for brief.
SPStart PointWhere movement or patrol begins.Step off from SP at 0200Z.
MSRMain Supply RouteMain logistics/convoy route.Set OP on MSR Blue.
AOIArea of InterestBroader area of intel or op focus.AOI is sector Bravo.
OFFSET(not an acronym)Move laterally from route/objective for security/approach.Offset right 100m.
IN POSITION / SET(not an acronym)Unit is in assigned location and ready.Bravo set, Alpha move.
RALLY(not an acronym)Regroup at a designated point.Rally at RP Alpha.
FLEX(not an acronym)Redeploy/move to new task or position.Flex upstairs for clearance.
STACK/STICK(not an acronym)Assault formation, usually single file.Form a stick, stack on the door.
CLEARANCE(not an acronym)Permission to act/move.Waiting for 111's clearance.
REFERENCE(not an acronym)Grid, landmark, or feature for location.Reference grid 095132.
SSESensitive Site ExploitationPost-assault search for intel/evidence.Conduct SSE after clearing.
VDOVehicle Drop-OffMap marker/control measure indicating where vehicles will stop and personnel dismount to continue on foot.Rally at VDO 1 and move dismounted to the ORP.
TRPTarget Reference PointPre-designated, easily identifiable point on the battlefield used for orientation, fire control, and communication.Engage any movement near TRP 2.
One-Alpha (Tactic)(not an acronym)Assault method where all personnel form a line (online) and sweep forward through a linear objective (e.g., bunker/trench) to the LOA, engaging threats as a single element.On command, execute One-Alpha through the bunker to the LOA.
SHIFT FIRE(not an acronym)Command to redirect suppressive fire.Shift fire left 50 meters.
CHECK FIRE(not an acronym)Urgent halt to all firing (prevent fratricide).Check fire! Friendlies danger close!
LIFT FIRE(not an acronym)Command to stop or raise fire from a specific area or target.Lift fire!
NETCALL(not an acronym)Broadcast to all units on a net/frequency.Netcall, SITREP in 5 mikes.
BEAD WINDOW(not an acronym)Warning to stop transmitting sensitive info (net not secure).Bead Window, change topic.
BREAK(not an acronym)Separates distinct messages on radio.Contact, BREAK, moving back.
WILCOWill ComplyI will comply with your last instruction.Wilco, out.
ROGER(not an acronym)Message received/understood.Roger, acknowledged.
COPY(not an acronym)Message received (informal ack).Copy, en route.
STANDBY(not an acronym)Wait for more instructions/info.Standby for SITREP.
CONTACT(not an acronym)Enemy sighted/engaged.Contact front!
NO JOY(not an acronym)No visual or negative on result.No joy, searching.
VISUAL(not an acronym)Friendly or enemy in sight.Visual on OBJ Falcon.
TALLY(not an acronym)Enemy in sight (air/ground).Tally two hostiles.
WINCHESTER(not an acronym)Out of ammo/ordnance.Winchester, need resupply.
DANGER CLOSE(not an acronym)Friendly forces near fire/ordnance.Danger close, check fire!
CALLSIGN(not an acronym)Radio identifier for unit/person.Send for Havoc 2.
FREQFrequencyRadio channel/frequency.Switch to freq 305.0.
ZULU(not an acronym)UTC time (military time zone).0300 Zulu.
MIKE(not an acronym)Minutes.Exfil in 5 mikes.
TRAFFIC(not an acronym)Radio message/communication.Send your traffic.
ALL CALLSIGNS(not an acronym)Addressing all units/persons on net.All callsigns, standby for SITREP.
ACTUAL(not an acronym)Denotes the unit/person in direct command.This is Havoc Actual.
SEND IT(not an acronym)Ready to receive your message/traffic.Send it, over.
OUT(not an acronym)End of transmission; no reply expected.Roger, out.
OVER(not an acronym)End of message; reply expected.Status update, over.
WAIT OUT(not an acronym)Wait; reply will follow.Wait out, gathering info.
ROLLING OUT(not an acronym)Called when the front operator exits the stack (malfunction, reload, or injury), so the next can take point.Rolling out!
PAXPersonnelNumber of individuals (friendly/enemy).2 enemy PAX, grid 095132.
POSPositionLocation; often “my pos” = “my location.”Contact 100m north of my pos.
MAGMagazineAmmunition magazine.Toss me a mag.
CUFFED/ZIP TIES(not an acronym)EPW (enemy prisoner) restraint/control.One enemy cuffed upstairs.
ZAP(not an acronym)Unique individual identifier used for tracking, tasking, and reporting. Assigned per operator (e.g., VA1, VA2).VA3 reports contact east of OBJ Red. / ZMIST: ZAP VA3, GSW to arm, bleeding controlled.
JTACJoint Terminal Attack ControllerDirects air support/CAS for ground units.Requesting JTAC for CAS.
OVERWATCH(not an acronym)Team providing covering fire/observation.Clear that site for overwatch to set in.
SUPPLEMENT(not an acronym)Take on extra/supporting task/role.Supplement as quick JTAC.
ACE ReportAmmo, Casualties, EquipmentReadiness/status check. Color-coded: Green (good), Yellow (moderate), Red (low), Black (out).Bravo, ACE: Black on ammo, 1 WIA.
SITREPSituation ReportBrief update on current situation: position, contact, friendly/enemy status, logistics.SITREP: At OBJ, cleared, negative contact, 1 WIA, holding.
SALUTE ReportSize, Activity, Location, Unit, Time, EquipmentDetailed enemy contact report format.SALUTE: 4 pax, moving east, grid 094123, unknown unit, 1120Z, AKs.
SPOTREPSpot Report (3 D's)Rapid enemy contact format using: Distance, Direction, Description.SPOTREP: 300m, northwest, 4x enemy dismounts with rifles in the open.
FRAGOFragmentary OrderUpdate/change to existing mission order.FRAGO: Shift LOA 100m east.
ZMIST ReportZap number, Mechanism, Injury, Signs/Symptoms, TreatmentCasualty report format used during MEDEVAC to track injury details and treatment.ZMIST: 112, IED blast, shrapnel to leg, conscious, tourniquet applied.
MEDEVAC Request (9-Line)9-Line Medical EvacuationStandard format for requesting a medical evacuation. Covers grid, urgency, patient type, enemy threat, and more. Often followed by a ZMIST.1. 1234 5678
2. "Viking 1", 30.00
3. 2 urgent
4. None
5. 1 litter, 1 ambulatory
6. Enemy in area, approach with caution
7. Marked by green smoke
8. U.S. Military
9. None
CAS Request (9-Line)Close Air Support 9-LineUsed by JTAC to request and coordinate air-to-ground fires. Includes target location, mark, ordnance, friendlies, and egress.1. IP Bull, heading 270°, 5 NM
2. 1500 feet AGL
3. Tanks in the open
4. Grid 1234 5678
5. Laser code 1688
6. Friendlies west 200m
7. Danger close
8. 2x GBU-38, 30mm
9. Egress south
AARAfter Action ReportPost-operation summary capturing outcomes, key decisions, lessons learned, and recommendations.AAR: OBJ cleared, 2x KIA, 1x EPW, comms delay during breach noted.
Training BriefTraining Operations BriefCovers schedule, safety, objectives, and responsibilities prior to a training event. Required before field evolutions or ranges.Training Brief at 0800 for urban movement lanes and live-fire safety review.
CONOPConcept of OperationsHigh-level plan outlining the purpose, timeline, assets, and concept for a mission or training event. Often used for approval.Submit CONOP for night recce training — insert via helo, OBJ Coldiron.
OPORDOperations OrderDetailed mission/training directive structured in 5 paragraphs: Situation, Mission, Execution, Sustainment, Command & Signal.Issue OPORD for full-mission profile dry run.
Backbrief(not an acronym)Subordinate leaders brief higher on their understanding of the mission/training plan. Confirms clarity and intent.Team backbriefs to confirm insertion timing and route plan.
Rehearsal Brief(not an acronym)Pre-execution walk-through or dry run of the mission/training plan to ensure readiness and coordination.Conduct rehearsal brief on mock OBJ at 0600.
Inject Brief(not an acronym)Delivered by training control during scenarios to add realism or shift tempo. Often scripted in full-mission profiles.Inject Brief: “You’ve taken contact — 1 WIA, respond accordingly.”
Pickup Zone PZ Designated location for helicopter or vehicle extraction of personnel. Used in both training and operations to simulate realistic evacuation, casualty collection, or tempo shifts. Often marked or pre-briefed, but can also be dynamically assigned by higher. Inject Brief: “Your patrol has completed the mission. Proceed to PZ Falcon for extraction. Maintain security until lift arrives.”